#canada #government

idea

Canadian legal system is based on presumption of innocence. It comes from a number of documents including:

• the Constitution of Canada, which guarantees peace, order and good government.
• the magna carta which guarantees basic freedoms, such as freedom of religion and thoughts^[4]ref
• the French civil code
• the English criminal law
• the charter of rights and freedoms which protects mobility rights, official languages and multiculturalism^[3]
• the unwritten constitution of the UK^[2]
• legislatures, at a federal level (federal laws), provincial level (provincial laws), and local level (bylaws).

Federal law is enforced by the RCMP^[1] throughout Canada, which is also policing in the provinces, except in Quebec and Ontario (which have their own provincial police).

At a federal level, there is also a trial and an appeal court, as well as a supreme court^[5] with 9 justices, appointed by the Governor General on advice of the Prime Minister. Their decisions have legal power: they become the official interpretation of the law.

Provinces and territories have a system of courts^[6], including a trial court (sometimes called court of Queen's bench) and an appeal court. They also usually have family courts, small claims court, and traffic courts.

links

• The Canadian government is the legislative branch of the government.

references

• [1]: The RCMP, formerly the North-West Mounted Police provides federal law enforcement across Canada, and policing in all provinces except Ontario and Quebec^ref and^ref. Its headquarters and training camp are in Sasketchewan.

• [2]: Canadian laws come from a combination of laws passed by parliament and provincial legislatures, English common law, French civil code, and unwritten constitution^ref of Great Britain.

• [3]: Canadian chart of rights and freedoms protects mobility rights, official languages, minority languages education rights, multiculturalism and aboriginal peoples' rights^ref. Concretely: enter and leave Canada, vote, apply for a passport, be educated in either official language, right to live and work anywhere in Canada

• [4]: Magna Carta is guaranteeing freedom^ref - freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of association

• [5]: Highest court is supreme court, 9 justices, appointed by Gov on advice of PM^ref

• [6]: Provinces have an appeal and a Trial court also called "Court of Queen's bench"^ref.

notes

The four principles are: rule of law, freedom under the law, democratic principles, and due process (the government must respect your rights)

Habeas Corpus allows you to denounce arbitrary imprisonment^ref.

Constitution guarantees peace, good government and order^ref.

There are also family courts, small claims courts, and traffic courts